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ことになっている [ことになっている] (kotoninatteiru)
Meaning: became a rule; been decided that; expected to; supposed to
Example: My daughter is supposed to study abroad next year.
JLPT Level: 2
Category: grammar
Author: dc
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| Notes:
| Ｖ(plain form) + ことになっている // こととなっている
Ｖない + ことになっている // こととなっている
You can only use verbs with this grammar. |
(rubyhatchet) |
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| Examples:
Note: visit WWWJDIC to lookup any unknown words found in the example(s)...
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| Comments:
| | Amatuka | Wouldn't "It has come to be that children are prohibited from being made to work by law." be a more literal translation? | | | Amatuka | Hmm, I think there should be a ことになる grammar entry. | | | bamboo4 | The English translation of the first example is more like "By law, children are not supposed to be put to work." | | | LittleFish | This refers to rules, social customs and regulations; in contrast to kotoninaru, which means "it has been arranged that." | | | petra | #3688 人種 is supposed to be "race" instead of "racism." | | | tigert | Ex 6117 seems like it should be ことになる instead of ことになっている.
I think it would be more natural to say, It has been decided that my daughter will study abroad next year. IE.
娘は来年､留学することになりました．
If you use になっている here it expresses more of a continued state, or a rule/custom. | | | karekora | tigert > this is the example shown in the jlpt book itself though, so i'm confused... | | | tigert | karekora > I`m not sure whats written in the jlpt, but I have never heard the japanese used in that way. usually when ことになっている has been used in my conversations with native speakers, it is used to describe a custom, a law, or a social rule that must be followed. I`ve never heard it used to refere to future plans. but I have heard ことになりました or ことになります used to describe plans. | | | 赤毛 | In #6707, it is not exactly a verb that is used with this grammar. | | | Cyrus | [You can only use verbs with this grammar.]
^-- to be precise, it's possible to induce the use of nouns by という as shown in 7854 | | |
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